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Fix SSH Key Not Working On Remote IoT Platform: A Guide

By  Rusty Schmitt Sr.   May 01, 2025
Fix SSH Key Not Working On Remote IoT Platform: A Guide

Are you wrestling with the frustrating reality of a malfunctioning SSH key on your remote IoT platform, particularly when paired with a Raspberry Pi? The inability of an SSH key to properly authenticate can be a significant impediment, grinding workflows to a halt and throwing a wrench into your productivity.

SSH keys, in their essence, are cryptographic sentinels. They stand guard, verifying the identity of the user and granting secure access between your local machine and the remote server, safeguarding your valuable data and systems. When these keys fail, the secure channel crumbles, leaving you locked out and struggling to maintain control of your remote devices. The repercussions can be felt acutely in projects dependent on real-time data acquisition, remote control, or any application where continuous, secure access is paramount.

But the good news is that you are not alone. The challenge of SSH key management is a common hurdle in the realm of remote IoT platforms, particularly when interfacing with devices like the ubiquitous Raspberry Pi. The goal is to provide a robust and secure method of accessing your remote devices without the need to enter passwords every time you connect.

The following table offers a deep dive into the intricacies of diagnosing and resolving common SSH key problems within the remote IoT ecosystem:

Problem Area Potential Causes Troubleshooting Steps Best Practices
Key Not Added to Authorized Keys
  • Public key not present in ~/.ssh/authorized_keys on the Raspberry Pi.
  • Incorrect file path or filename specified during key addition.
  • Verify the public key content.
  • Manually add the key to the authorized_keys file.
  • Ensure correct file permissions.
  • Always double-check the public key before adding.
  • Automate key distribution with scripts where possible.
Incorrect Key Permissions
  • Incorrect permissions on the ~/.ssh/ directory (should be 700).
  • Incorrect permissions on the authorized_keys file (should be 600).
  • Key files owned by an incorrect user.
  • Use chmod to correct directory and file permissions.
  • Verify file ownership using ls -l.
  • Establish a consistent permission scheme.
  • Regularly audit key file permissions.
Key Format Issues
  • Public key not in the correct OpenSSH format.
  • Private key corrupted or damaged.
  • Verify the public key starts with "ssh-rsa" or similar.
  • Regenerate the key pair if the format is incorrect.
  • Use standard key generation tools.
  • Back up your private key securely.
Firewall Blocking SSH
  • Firewall rules on the Raspberry Pi or network blocking port 22 (or your chosen SSH port).
  • ISP blocking incoming SSH connections.
  • Check firewall rules using iptables (or your firewall software).
  • Configure port forwarding on your router.
  • Test from outside the local network.
  • Use a non-standard SSH port.
  • Configure your firewall to allow SSH traffic.
Network Configuration Problems
  • Raspberry Pi not reachable via its IP address.
  • DNS resolution issues.
  • Network connectivity problems.
  • Ping the Raspberry Pi to check connectivity.
  • Verify the IP address.
  • Check DNS settings.
  • Restart networking services.
  • Use a static IP address for your Raspberry Pi.
  • Ensure the device is properly connected to the network.
Remote IoT Platform Configuration Issues
  • Incorrectly configured SSH key settings within the remote IoT platform dashboard.
  • Platform limitations on supported key types.
  • Review the platform's documentation for SSH key setup.
  • Double-check the key upload process.
  • Ensure that the platform supports your key type.
  • Carefully follow the platform's instructions.
  • Check the platform's help resources.
Troubleshooting Common SSH Key Issues

For more detailed information, please refer to the official documentation on Secure Shell (SSH) at man.freebsd.org.

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